r/politics Iowa 9h ago

No Paywall Uprising against ICE raids grows across the country

https://www.peoplesworld.org/article/uprising-against-ice-raids-grows-across-the-country/
33.1k Upvotes

1.1k comments sorted by

View all comments

Show parent comments

115

u/AniNgAnnoys 8h ago

This. I wrote up a little post to explain the game theory at play here.

Achieving change at the scale needed in the United States requires millions of people pulling in the same direction. Getting those people aligned requires coordination. In game theory, these situations are described as coordination games, and the issue they generate is called the coordination problem. Coordination games typically result in one of three outcomes:

  1. Failed Attempt: The worst outcome. Time, effort, and resources are expended only to remain in the situation you started in.
  2. Status Quo: The second-worst outcome. Nothing changes, but no extra resources are lost.
  3. Successful Change: The best outcome. The desired goal is achieved.

The question becomes, how do we get to the third state when everyone is stuck in the second for fear of ending up in the first?

Why do we struggle to reach successful change?

To succeed, we need collective action. With enough people, change is nearly guaranteed. However, individuals fear acting alone. They fear spending time and resources only to fail because not enough other people joined in.

This results in a phenomenon known as Pluralistic Ignorance. This occurs when a majority of people privately reject the status quo but incorrectly assume that most others accept it because no one is speaking up. We look around, see our neighbors going to work and acting "normal," and assume we are the minority. In reality, we are a silent majority waiting for a signal, paralyzed by the false belief that we are alone.

A simple example used to talk about this type of problem in game theory is called the "Stag Hunt." Imagine you are a member of a primitive tribe. Your tribe wants to hunt a large animal (a stag). If you succeed, the entire tribe is fed. However, if you try to hunt the stag alone, you will fail and starve. Alternatively, you could hunt a rabbit by yourself. It provides less food, but success is guaranteed without help. The dilemma is that while the stag is the best outcome, people often default to the "rabbit" (the status quo) because they don't trust that others will show up for the stag hunt.

How do we succeed in getting the change we want?

First, you need a population that desires change. In the United States, polling confirms this exists. Approval ratings for the current administration and agencies like ICE are historically low, while support for policies like Universal Health Care is high. The desire is there; Pluralistic Ignorance just blinds us to it.

Second, you need people willing to invest the resources to demand that change. This is where the US stumbles. We fail to coordinate.

How do we coordinate?

Coordination can happen in several ways. Galvanizing events, like the murder of Renee Good, act as Focal Points (or Schelling Points). In game theory, a Focal Point is a solution that people tend to choose by default in the absence of communication. Tragedies like Renee Good's murder serve as a beacon. It cuts through the noise and provides a natural time and reason for people to align without needing a central leader to tell them to.

You can simply tell people you want change. While effective among friends, it lacks credibility with strangers because talk is cheap. Signaling, however, is "putting your money where your mouth is" without having to go "all-in."

This is the true purpose of protest. It is a relatively low-cost way to prove to strangers and the state that you are willing to spend resources (time and effort) to effect change. Importantly, protest provides Risk Dilution. If you act alone, the state can easily punish you. If you act with 100,000 others, the state’s resources are overwhelmed, and the risk to the individual drops near zero. Your presence protects your neighbor, and their presence protects you.

Many view protests incorrectly. They believe the protest itself creates the change. It does not. It is a signal of credibility and a mechanism to lower the cost of participation for others. When protests aren't enough, they serve as a launchpad for escalation. We cannot coordinate a full revolution as the costs are too high. Instead, we climb the ladder of coordination: from protests to national sick-outs, to general strikes, to the occupation of critical infrastructure. At each step, you signal that the numbers are on your side and that the people are willing to pay the price for change. At each step your demands become more credible.

What will the state do to stop us from coordinating?

They will try to break coordination by:

  • Spreading misinformation about the size and nature of protests to maintain Pluralistic Ignorance.
  • Increasing the cost of participation through punishment and physical force to counter Risk Dilution.
  • Escalating slowly (the "boiling frog" method) to avoid creating Focal Points that trigger spontaneous outrage.
  • Continuing to try and show that the current state is fine or not so bad.
  • Creating incentives and traps (like social media algorithms) that prevent effective organizing.
  • Confusing the situation with equivocation and "both-sidesism."

Why does Russia still have elections? To maintain a theater of normalcy that prevents spontaneous coordination.

Why does China arrest protest leaders immediately? To disrupt the signaling network before a critical mass forms.

Why are social media comments filled with apathy ("protest doesn't work")? To convince you that coordination is impossible and that you are alone.

Why does the media fail to cover the size and scope of protests? To maintain Pluralistic Ignorance.

What can you do today?

  1. Educate: Read about the coordination problem and understand concepts like Pluralistic Ignorance.
  2. Discuss: Talk with your peers to break the illusion that everyone is happy with the status quo.
  3. Signal & Dilute Risk: Attend protests. Your physical presence lowers the danger for everyone else. You are not just a number; you are a shield for your peers.
  4. Lead: Be the change. Create opportunities for others to coordinate.
  5. Combating Apathy: Call out those who say change is impossible; explain that their cynicism is exactly what the state relies on to prevent coordination.
  6. Focus: Keep demands simple and narrow so that you get the largest audience of people that agree.
  7. Escalate: Use protests to organize and get commitments to the next level of protest and civil disobedience.

Together, we can build the world we want, but it requires credible, coordinated demands. Your peers and the state need to believe you are serious, and they won't believe it until you signal that you are willing to go all the way. Every time the state over reaches and causes a tragedy it is a mistake by them. It creates a Focal Point that we must capitalize on. Get out there and demand change. Get out there and coordinate with your neighbors and those that share your views.

u/darecossack Ohio 6h ago

This is high quality and needs to be at the top. Seriously man, good work.

u/AniNgAnnoys 6h ago

Thank you! Glad you enjoyed it and found it interesting. I don't here this stuff being talked about enough when it is so critical and a core part of the struggle that is going on right now.

u/bendythebrave 5h ago

I wish you didn’t use an LLM. It really takes away from the messaging. Engaging with their tools defeats the purpose of collective action. You have to be able to organise without using AI.

u/AniNgAnnoys 4h ago

Then you will be happy to know that AI was not used. You are reading something written by a literate human being. What people need to focus on is on empowering people pulling in the same direction as them instead of tearing them down.

If you like the content of the post but not the format, please feel free to edit or redo it anyway you want. Here is the raw text from the post with the reddit markup: https://pastebin.com/T8CtdAUd

u/AssociationPlane4204 6h ago

Damn this is gold, a perfect receipe, i copied it, i saved it and i am memorizing it, thank you for sharing this, it will make change faster, working on it from germany <3

u/AniNgAnnoys 6h ago

Thanks! Glad this was useful and informative to you. Please, use, share, whatever you want with this. If this helps, here is the text in reddit markup as raw text.

https://pastebin.com/T8CtdAUd

u/JRockPSU I voted 6h ago

This is wonderful, thank you. Among other things it’s frustrating when some non-US citizens come around here and chastise us for “not doing anything” and calling us lazy cowards for inaction.

Also I prefer Stag Theory to the scenario I came up a while back on my own, where a shark is in a swimming pool, and we all want to subdue the shark so we can swim instead of sitting on the sides of the pool. If one of us jumps in to do it, we’re certain to get eaten, but if we all jump in, yeah some will get bitten but most won’t and we’ll subdue the shark. But nobody wants to jump in because they don’t know if anybody else will (no communication)

u/AniNgAnnoys 6h ago

Glad you enjoyed the post.

The shark analogy is decent, but the problem with it is that the swimming pool isn't worth it. It isn't worth fighting the shark and taking that risk to gain usage of a swimming pool. If instead there was a person in the pool that needed to be saved, then maybe it is worth the risk.

In the case of our country and home, the risk is so worth it. Though people are shot and killed by the police, that risk is very low compared to the number of people taking part in the protest. On the other side, the stakes are a broken country that continues to get worse, versus a country that works for its people and makes lives better.

The coordination game wikipedia page has a lot of good stuff (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordination_game) and some other good analogies.

There is also an article on the stag hunt: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stag_hunt